Mammoth Spring National Fish Hatchery (MSNFH), located in Mammoth Spring (Fulton County), was the first national hatchery established in Arkansas, dating back to 1903. It is also one of the oldest in the country. Mammoth Spring is the seventh-largest spring in the United States and the largest spring in Arkansas. The spring forms the headwaters of the Spring River. Water flows at a constant fifty-eight degrees, making it ideal for the production of cool-water fish. Gravity forces the water through raceways and fills ponds, returning most to the Spring River.
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The hatchery is one of the oldest, built in the Ozark foothills in northeast Arkansas due to the availability of cool gravity flow water from the world’s seventh largest spring and easy access to the railroad.
Mammoth Spring National Fish Hatchery
Wednesday, October 31, 2007
Mammoth Spring (Arkansas)
Flint Hills Springs (Kansas)
Flint Hills Springs (Article)
Robert S. Sawin, Rex C. Buchanan, Wayne Lebsack
Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science (1903-), Vol. 102, No. 1/2 (Apr., 1999), pp. 1-31
Abstract
Springs are an important component of the Kansas landscape and an aid in understanding the connection between groundwater and surface water and the impact of human activity on the environment. Despite their importance, little information has been collected systematically on springs in Kansas. The Kansas Geological Survey has begun a project that brings together existing information on springs in the State. Using the Flint Hills physiographic region as an example, this paper describes significant and representative springs of the Flint Hills, inventories their location and general water quality, and compares their condition to historical data. In general, water quality and flow rates in Flint Hills springs have remained steady through the years. This is attributed to the lack of cultivation and absence of irrigation, which has likely preserved the native prairie grasses and groundwater conditions.
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Kansas - Flint Hills
Springs Fever (Kansas)
These springs in Marion County (Kansas) were included on a tour.
1. Watchorn Spring
This spring in the southern part of the county was a water source for Watchorn residents during the oil boom of 1918-22. The town died when the oil boom ended, but the spring is still providing clear, cold water to cattle on the Wilson Ranch.
2. Lee Spring
This spring is a "bubbler" and you might walk right over it if you didn't know it was there. The water bubbles up on land farmed by Dale Buller east of Peabody.
3. Allison Spring
This spring pumps water into Spring Creek at the rate of 1,000 gallons per minute during the spring months, said landowner Les Allison.
4. Coyne Springs
These springs, west of Florence, are described as "pool springs" that come up from the bottom and form a pool before moving into a nearby stream.
Jones said area hotels and restaurants advertised "Coyne Springs water" in the 1920s, and the city of Peabody once considered piping water to Peabody from this spring.
5. Miller Spring
This spring is tucked into a gently rolling Flint Hills pasture southeast of Florence.
Miller Spring gushes water at a rate once measured at 1,800 gallons per minute.
6. Crystal Spring
This spring, north of Florence, has supplied the city with water since 1920. The water tower boasts the water is "99.96 percent" pure water-which is fairly accurate, according to a Kansas Geological Survey report.
The water is pumped in a concrete pump house built near the spring in the side of a hill.
With a flow rate of about 3,000 gallons a minute, Crystal Spring is considered the largest spring in the state.
7. Central Park Spring
Early settlers found this spring and decided it was an ideal place to make camp. The spring flows out of the side of a hill on the east side of what is now Marion City Park.
8. Chingawassa Springs
Formerly known as Carter's Springs for the man who homesteaded the land, Chingawassa Springs is actually a group of more than 50 springs located north of Marion.
Most are freshwater springs, but there are also a few mineral springs. It was the mineral springs that made the springs famous.
From 1889 to 1893, Chingawassa Springs operated as a resort and health spa and was one of several springs across the state known for its "healing waters."
9. Summervill Spring
This spring is located south of the Marion County Lake dam on property owned by Mick and Marge Summervill.
The spring runs through a springhouse and then into a lake, where the Summervills have rainbow trout. The springhouse is a great place to cool watermelons in the summer, according to Marge.
-- Other springs
Other well-known springs in the county that are not part of the tour are Lost Spring, west of the town of Lost Springs, and Elm Springs near Durham. Lost Spring was on the Santa Fe Trail and Elm Springs was on the Chisholm Trail.
Elm Springs is known for its waterfall.
For tour reservations or more information, call 620-983-2438 or 620-983-2815.
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Pepperell Springs (Maine)
Pepperell Springs was formally a spring water source for a beverage company named Pepperell Springs, later owned and operated under the name Belmont Springs. While no longer an active bottled water spring, the land overlies part of an aquifer that supplies drinking water for the Town of Pepperell.
Pepperell Springs can be accessed from several points: on Heald St. at the end of Heald Pond and from walking trails off Maple, Oak Hill, and Chestnut Streets. All trail entrances are marked with Conservation Land signs. To reach the central parking lot for Pepperell Springs, from Town Hall (corner of Main St. and Park St.), take Heald St. (off Park) about 1 miles to Maple St and take a right. After about 1/4 mile, Maple St comes to a fork with Maple St. continuing to the right and Chestnut beginning to the left. Follow Chestnut about a half mile to just past where the road turns to gravel. There is a gravel parking area across from the old Pepperell Springs bottling building. You can enter the property across the street from the parking area along a gated dirt road or any of the marked walking trails along Chestnut St.
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Mill Springs Park (Kentucky)
Wayne County (Kentucky)
The park is located on Highway 1275, just off Highway 90 between Somerset and Monticello, and 4 miles from Conley Bottom Resort. Monticello, located just 9 miles from the Mill, has many accommodations for your convenience. For more information on this historic area, call the Monticello/Wayne County Chamber of Commerce at (606)348-3064.
Bolan E. Roberts bought the mill in 1907 and operated it as "Diamond Roller Mills." In 1908, the 28-foot cedar wheel was replaced by a steel water wheel. Still in use the wheel is one of the largest overshot water wheels in the world. The wheel has a diameter of 40 feet, 10 inches, and a breast of three feet. Powered by 13 natural springs located beside the mill, it is thought to be one of the largest of it's kind in the world.
Mill Springs is now on the National Register of Battlefields and is one of 25 Civil War battlefields that is included on a special Endangered Battlefield list.
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Tuesday, October 30, 2007
El Polin Springs (California)
Click image to enlarge
Located in the Tennessee Hollow watershed (the Presidio's southeast corner)
The Presidio of San Francisco is a National Historic Landmark District that is part of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. It is located at the northernmost tip of San Francisco, California, at the southern end of the Golden Gate Bridge.
The modern map of the Presidio marks "El Polin Spring" at the southern foot of MacArthur Avenue, in a cozy picnic area outfitted with a cobblestone well to mark the location. The water draining from the hillside to the well tumbles over some beautiful Spanish-era brickworks in a series of miniature waterfalls, attracting birds that like to drink and shower in the cascades. Copious in February when charged by rainfall, the flow here in June has slowed to five or 10 cups per minute, and will dry to less than a trickle in October.
Sources:
Presidio Web (Stanford Univ)
Taking the waters at El Polin in the Presidio
Whispers in the Water
- Reviving the Past at the Presidio's El Polin Springs
Black Canyon Springs (Nevada)
Inside the Lake Mead National Recreation (Nevada)
Another area within Lake Mead NRA rich with springs is the Black Canyon vicinity downstream of Hoover Dam. Here you can find springs of both the thermal and non-thermal variety, with water temperatures ranging from about 55 to 136 degrees Fahrenheit. Spring discharge below the Black Canyon can be diffuse, often taking the form of large seeps with wet rock faces that at times are up to 100 feet long.
...Nevada Hot Spring and Arizona Hot Spring can be reached by hiking trail, while many others such as the springs in Boy Scout Canyon can only be reached easily by boat.
Nevada Hot Spring is a popular visitor destination that can be accessed via a trail head located off Highway 93 on the Nevada side of Hoover Dam.
Another popular spring to visit within the Black Canyon vicinity is Arizona Hot Spring, which is located about 4 miles south of Hoover Dam. Arizona Hot Spring can be accessed via a scenic hiking trail located off of Highway 93 on the Arizona side of the Colorado River, and it produces fairly constant 111 degree Fahrenheit water that drops through several small pools.
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Roger Spring (Nevada)
Click image to enlarge
Inside the Lake Mead National Recreation (Nevada)
See PDF for greater detail.
Lake Mead National Recreation Area - Map (PDF)
Contact:
Visitor Center (Open 7 Days a Week) (702) 293-8990
Park Info. Desk (Open M-F) (702) 293-8906
Rogers Spring and others in the “North Shore Complex”comprise one of the discharge areas for the carbonate-rock aquifer system of eastern Nevada and western Utah. The source of the water to this and these other regional springs is not known. One theory, however, suggests that recharge occurs in the Morman Mountains, located some 30 miles to the north. As ground water flows south through the carbonate rocks, it encounters the Rogers Spring Fault which has juxtaposed sedimentary rocks and evaporite deposits of the Muddy Creek and Horse Spring formations. Here the lesser transmissivity of these finer-grained, more-recent rocks, along with sufficient hydraulic head, forces the water to emerge at surface.
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National Cement moves forward on plans for nature preserve in St. Clair County (Alabama)
Published October 29, 2007
The cement company announced last year its plan to create the preserve, Blue Springs Nature Preserve, and the nonprofit that would run it. The park is near the company's Ragland cement plant.
Plans for the Blue Springs Nature Preserve call for a tram to transport visitors into the preserve, an outdoor arboretum, a visitor center, a cultural preservation building, education center, walking trails and campgrounds.
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